Treble Clef

Count from the bottom. The five lines are E4, G4, B4, D5, F5. The four spaces are F4, A4, C5, E5. The clef's curl surrounds the G line; the lists are consequences of that anchor, not separate rules to memorize.

A written step from line to neighboring space moves to the next letter name. It does not always mean one semitone: E to F is one, while F to G is two. Read the note letter first, then apply any key signature or accidental.

C4 sits on one ledger line below the treble staff. D4 is the space just below the bottom line, and E4 is the bottom line. This three-note ladder gives you a quick route into the staff without reciting every line. Middle C connects the same pitch to the bass staff.

No. G4 is the same pitch whether you label it on a piano keyboard or on a treble staff. The clef changes how positions on the paper are named. A notehead on the second line would name a different pitch under another clef.

Point to second line G4, second space A4, middle line B4 and then return to G4. Say the letters and play them slowly. Next try E4 on the bottom line to G4 on the second line. You skip one letter and one staff position, so you can recognize the small leap by shape rather than counting from the bottom.